Prostatic Hyperplasia (BPH) is a condition characterized by the enlargement of the prostate gland, which can lead to urinary symptoms such as difficulty urinating, weak urine flow, and frequent urination. Transurethral Resection of the Prostate (TURP) is a well-established surgical procedure used to alleviate the symptoms associated with BPH, especially in cases where medication has proven ineffective.

During the TURP procedure, a small metal loop, resembling a paper clip, is inserted into the urethra and advanced to the prostate. This loop is connected to a power source, and an electric current is passed through it. The current is utilized to cut and remove excess tissue from the prostate's transition zone, which is responsible for compressing the urethra and causing urinary blockage.

TURP is regarded as the standard treatment for BPH due to its widespread availability and the familiarity of most urologists with the procedure. However, there are certain considerations to take into account. The surgery can be time-consuming, typically limited to around an hour to prevent fluid absorption and electrolyte imbalances. Additionally, there is generally more bleeding during and after TURP compared to some newer minimally invasive techniques. Patients undergoing TURP may require hospitalization for a day or two and could necessitate post-operative irrigation to manage bleeding and reduce complications.

One crucial aspect for patients to contemplate is the potential impact on sexual function. Due to the nature of the procedure, retrograde ejaculation may occur, where semen is redirected into the bladder instead of being expelled during ejaculation. This can affect fertility and potentially influence sexual satisfaction.

The amount of tissue removed during TURP can vary, leading to differing outcomes for patients. The recurrence rates of BPH symptoms within the first 10 years after surgery can range from 5% to 10%, depending on the surgeon's technique and the efficiency of tissue removal.

As with any medical intervention, it is vital for patients to engage in a comprehensive discussion with their urologist regarding the advantages, risks, and potential side effects of TURP or alternative treatment options. Individual patient factors, preferences, and the severity of BPH symptoms will all play a role in determining the most suitable approach for each individual.